BP104T Practical Experiments & Viva Questions
Comprehensive practical laboratory experiments and frequently asked oral viva voce questions with model answers for Human Anatomy, Physiology and Pathophysiology I (BP104T) following PCI 2026 academic standards.
🔬 Prescribed Laboratory Practical Experiments
Microscopic Examination of Epithelial and Connective Tissues
Objective: Examine prepared permanent slides of squamous, cuboidal, columnar epithelium, bone, and hyaline cartilage.
Determination of Total RBC and WBC Count (Hemocytometry)
Objective: Enumerate RBC and WBC using Neubauer's improved hemocytometer chamber and Hayem's/Turk's diluting fluids.
Determination of Blood Groups (ABO & Rh typing)
Objective: Perform agglutination testing on human blood using Anti-A, Anti-B, and Anti-D monoclonal antisera.
Recording of Human Blood Pressure using Sphygmomanometer
Objective: Determine systolic and diastolic blood pressure by auscultatory method using stethoscope and cuff.
High-Yield Oral Viva Voce Questions & Model Answers
What produces the first ('lub') and second ('dub') heart sounds?
'Lub' is caused by closure of AV valves (mitral and tricuspid), and 'dub' is caused by closure of semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonary).
Why is Type O negative blood considered the universal donor?
Type O negative RBCs lack A, B, and Rh (D) surface antigens, so recipient antibodies will not agglutinate the donor cells.
What is Frank-Starling's law of the heart?
The force of cardiac contraction is proportional to the initial muscle fiber length (end-diastolic volume/preload).